350
Plumbing Distribution: Design Criteria
353
DESIGN CRITERIA
353.1
GENERAL
The plumbing subsystem may be required to provide a maximum demand
load anywhere in the hospital, during the building lifetime. Therefore,
space allocated to vertical risers and rights-of-way for distribution should
be sized for the maximum potential demand. Main risers and main
distribution runs when installed should also be sized to the maximum. The
major component of plumbing costs is labor, therefore the oversizing of
these permanent elements will not significantly increase overall costs.
Branch distribution piping could be oversized but, because of the lower
diversity of smaller pipes it is not really necessary since a shut-down for
replacement of these local runs would cause disturbance only to a
relatively small area of the functional zone.
Of all the services in a hospital, plumbing is probably one of the most
affected by change; especially cold water services as new users
continually create heavier demands. Heaviest service load demands are
typically domestic water and soil and waste systems in the nursing units,
laundries and kitchens while the greatest diversity of services is found in
laboratories, dental clinics and surgery.
353.2
FLOOR DRAINS
The critical plumbing dimensions for the S2 subzone is the depth required
for floor drains, traps and falls. Assuming an eight-inch floor slab
thickness, the following table shows the range of possible dimensions in
inches for standard fittings from the bottom of the floor slab to the bottom
of the pipe (dimension A in Figure 350-4).
Drain Size
Drain Type
2"
3"
4"
floor drain with vertical vent
3
6
8
floor drain with horizontal vent
9
10
10
floor sink with vertical vent
4
8
12
floor sink with horizontal vent
10
12
14
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